Ngokusho koMnyango Wezomnotho Kazwelonke, ivolumu yezohwebo yaseKazakhstan yephule irekhodi lesikhathi sonke ngo-2022 - $134.4 billion, idlula izinga lika-2019 lama- $ 97.8 billion.
Inani lezohwebo laseKazakhstan lafinyelela inani eliphakeme kunawo wonke lama- $ 134.4 billion ngo-2022, ladlula izinga langaphambi kobhubhane.
Ngo-2020, ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, ukuhweba kwamanye amazwe eKazakhstan kwehle ngo-11.5%.
Umkhuba okhulayo kawoyela nezinsimbi ubonakala ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe ngo-2022. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bathi ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe akukafinyeleli ezingeni eliphezulu. Engxoxweni abe nayo noKazinform, u-Ernar Serik, uchwepheshe we-Kazakhstan Institute of Economics, uthe ukunyuka kwamanani ezimpahla nezinsimbi yisona sizathu esidala ukukhula ngonyaka odlule.
Ngasohlangothini lokungenisa, naphezu kwezinga lokukhula elihamba kancane, ukuthengwa kweKazakhstan kweqa amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-50 okokuqala ngqa, kwephula irekhodi lamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-49,8 elibekwe ngo-2013.
U-Ernar Serik uxhumanise ukukhula kokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngo-2022 nokwehla kwamandla emali emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamanani entengo, imikhawulo ehlobene nobhubhane, kanye nokuqaliswa kwamaphrojekthi okutshalwa kwezimali e-Kazakhstan nokuthengwa kwezimpahla zokutshalwa kwezimali ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zayo.
Phakathi kwamazwe amathathu ahamba phambili ngokuthumela impahla ngaphandle, i-Atyrau Oblast ihamba phambili, inhlokodolobha i-Astana isendaweni yesibili ngo-10.6% kanye neWest Kazakhstan Oblast esendaweni yesithathu ngo-9.2%.
Esimeni sesifunda, isifunda sase-Atyrau sihola phambili kwezohwebo zamazwe ngamazwe ngesabelo sika-25% (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-33.8), kulandele i-Almaty ngo-21% (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-27.6) kanye ne-Astana ngo-11% (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-14.6).
Ozakwethu abakhulu bokuhweba baseKazakhstan
USerik uthe kusukela ngo-2022, ukuhwebelana kwezwe kuye kwashintsha kancane kancane, njengoba ukuthengiswa kweChina kucishe kufane nokwaseRussia.
“Izijeziso ezingakaze zibonwe eRussia zibe nomthelela. Ukuthengwa kwempahla emazweni angaphandle kwehle ngamaphesenti ayi-13 engxenyeni yesine ka-2022, kanti ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kwenyuka ngamaphesenti angama-54 ngasikhathi sinye. Ngasohlangothini lokuthekelisa, siyabona ukuthi abadayisi abaningi bafuna izimakethe ezintsha noma imizila emisha yezokuthutha egwema indawo yaseRussia, ezoba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside, "kusho yena.
Ekupheleni konyaka odlule, i-Italy (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-13,9) yahamba phambili ngokuthengisa eKazakhstan, ilandelwa yiChina (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-13.2). Izindawo eziyinhloko zaseKazakhstan ezazithunyelwa izimpahla nezinkonzo kwakuyiRussia (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-8,8), iNetherlands (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5,48) kanye neTurkey (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4,75).
USerik wanezela ukuthi iKazakhstan yaqala ukuhwebelana kakhulu neNhlangano Yamazwe aseTurkic, ehlanganisa i-Azerbaijan, i-Kyrgyz Republic, iTurkey ne-Uzbekistan, isabelo sayo emkhatsini wezohwebo wezwe sidlula i-10%.
Ukuhwebelana namazwe e-EU nakho kukhulu kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje futhi kuyaqhubeka nokukhula kulo nyaka. Ngokusho kwePhini likaNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseKazakhstan Roman Vasilenko, i-EU ibala cishe ama-30% ohwebo lwangaphandle lwaseKazakhstan futhi umthamo wokuhweba uzodlula amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-40 ngo-2022.
Ukubambisana kwe-EU-Kazakhstan kwakhela phezu kwesivumelwano sobambiswano esithuthukisiwe kanye nokubambisana esiqala ukusebenza ngokugcwele ngoMashi 2020 futhi sihlanganisa izindawo ezingama-29 zokubambisana, okuhlanganisa umnotho, ukuhweba notshalomali, imfundo nocwaningo, izinhlangano zomphakathi kanye namalungelo abantu.
“Ngonyaka odlule, izwe lethu labambisana ezindaweni ezintsha ezifana nezinsimbi zomhlaba ezingavamile, i-hydrogen eluhlaza, amabhethri, ukuthuthukiswa kwekhono lezokuthutha kanye nempahla, kanye nokuhlukahluka kwamaketanga okuhlinzekwa kwempahla,” kusho uVasylenko.
Enye yezinhlelo ezinjalo zezimboni nabalingani baseYurophu yisivumelwano se-$ 3.2-4.2 billion nenkampani yaseSweden-German Svevind yokwakha izitshalo zamandla omoya kanye nelanga entshonalanga yeKazakhstan, okulindeleke ukuthi ikhiqize amathani ayizigidi ezingu-3 ze-hydrogen eluhlaza kusukela ngo-2030, ukuhlangana 1. -5% wesidingo se-EU somkhiqizo.
Ukuhweba kweKazakhstan namazwe e-Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) kufinyelela ku-$ 28.3 billion ngo-2022. Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kukhula ngo-24.3% kuya ku-$ 97 billion futhi ukuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kufinyelela ku-$ 18.6 billion.
I-Russia yenza ama-92.3% ohwebo oluphelele lwezwe lwangaphandle ku-Eurasian Economic Union, ilandelwa yi-Kyrgyz Republic - 4%, Belarus - 3.6%, Armenia - -0.1%.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-11-2023